2025: A Year of Global Fracture

By Serwah Prempeh
Published on Mar 18, 2026

Series Introduction

2025 was a year of transformative resets—in how we understand rising powers, how partnerships are forged and sustained, and how geopolitical forces shape the terms of international cooperation. It also reset expectations around what it takes to turn ambition into delivery.

These shifts reshaped how African actors and their partners negotiate power, finance and technology in a rapidly evolving global order. This series brings together reflections from across APRI's workstreams to make sense of these evolutions. Together, they pose an important question: what does it mean to build for the future when the ground beneath us keeps moving?

Each submission approaches the year from a different vantage point, from early signals around China's next planning cycle to the everyday realities of managing global partnerships; from the evolving geometry of geopolitics and critical minerals to the governance conditions that determine whether green technologies can scale; and from high-level ambition to the practical, incremental work of implementation in national climate transitions.

What connects these contributions is a recognition that African agency is growing—but agency alone is not enough. While African nations are increasingly driving their own agendas, they remain constrained by global structural, regulatory, and institutional frameworks that disproportionately advantage a handful of powerful actors. Taken together, these reflections map a year of adaptation in the international order and surface practical questions for 2026: How do African actors convert new leverage into policy outcomes? How should partners recalibrate their cooperation? And what institutional capacities must be built to translate ambition into sustained delivery?

These questions will guide APRI’s agenda in 2026 as we respond to both a turbulent global environment and our internal need for structural evolution.

Beyond the Flying Geese: What the 15th Five-Year Plan Means for Africa, Europe and the World

By Dr. Olumide Abimbola | Mar 11, 2026

China’s 2025 trajectory challenges conventional development models, but it's 15th Five Year Plan could present new opportunities for Africa and Europe

Read full here.

The Year of Modest Regulatory Clarity, but Every Little Helps

By Dr. Serwah Prempeh | Mar 11, 2026

2025 highlighted Africa’s uneven green tech transition as global trade rules tightened and finance gaps widened, underscoring the need to strengthen institutions and expand climate‑tech finance.

Read full here.

The Anthropologist in the Room: Reflections on an Unsettled Year

By Simoa Nangle | Mar 12, 2026

2025 upended global cooperation. From Africa to Europe to the US, partnerships are shifting — think tanks must rethink how collaboration actually works now.

Read full here.

Africa in a Multipolar World: Navigating Power in Shifting Global Order, 2025

In 2025, Africa navigated a shifting multipolar world shaped by US retrenchment, strained AU–EU relations, the first G20 summit on the continent, intensifying competition over critical minerals, and rising tensions in the Horn of Africa.

Read full here.

Nigeria’s Climate Transition in 2025: Moving from Ambition to Delivery

By Chibuikem Agbaegbu | Mar 17, 2026

Nigeria's 2025 climate transition agenda gained momentum, moving decisively from ambition to delivery. Progress across energy, finance, and public-sector governance accelerates the groundwork laid for a just, inclusive climate transition.

Read full here.

Agency beyond Extractivism: African Economies and Societies in a New Global (Dis-)Order

In 2025, Africa gained bargaining power for critical mineral leverage but faced extractive debt and fiscal challenges. Gen Z uprisings toppled governments, triggering more political repression.

Read full here.